‌Working Principle of a CNC Carving Robot‌

1. ‌Design Input‌

• Operates using CAD/CAM software to convert 3D models or 2D vector designs into machine-readable G-code instructions.

2. ‌Motion Control System‌

• Utilizes servo motors and linear actuators to achieve:
  ▪ X/Y/Z-axis precision positioning (±0.01mm accuracy)
  ▪ Spindle rotation (typically 8,000-24,000 RPM)
  ▪ Toolpath optimization algorithms

3. ‌Material Processing‌

• Cutting tools (end mills, engraving bits, or lasers) remove material through:
  ▪ Subtractive machining
  ▪ Layer-by-layer material ablation
  ▪ Force-controlled contact (10-200N adjustable pressure)

4. ‌Sensory Feedback‌

• Integrated systems monitor:
  ✔ Torque variations
  ✔ Thermal changes
  ✔ Vibration patterns
  ✔ Tool wear (via laser metrology)

5. ‌Adaptive Operation‌

• Real-time path correction compensates for:
  ▫ Material density variations
  ▫ Tool deflection
  ▫ Environmental temperature shifts

6. ‌Safety Mechanisms‌

• Emergency stop protocols

• Collision detection sensors

• Dust extraction systems (60-100 CFM airflow)